Students will develop a detailed understanding of hazard assessment with a focus on human toxicology. This course unit integrates principles of toxicology, genotoxicity, and toxicokinetics, providing a comprehensive overview of how chemicals impact human health.The student is expected to be able to:1. Understand the mechanisms of genotoxicity and carcinogenesis and evaluate various methods for genotoxicity assessment, including in vitro and in vivo assays;2. Examine the fundamental aspects of human toxicokinetics, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), and analyze genetic determinants contributing to variability in xenobiotic safety;3. Apply the principles of toxicology and ecotoxicology to assess chemical hazards, predict dose-response relationships, and evaluate risks associated with chemical exposures.