Students will gain a comprehensive understanding of hazard assessment with a focus on ecotoxicology. This course unit integrates principles of toxicological assessment, toxicology and ecotoxicology fundamentals, and endocrine disruptors, equipping students to assess environmental and health impacts of chemical exposures.The student is expected to be able to:1. Understand toxicity mechanisms, dose-response relationships, and risk assessment protocols for diverse chemical exposures, considering systemic, tissue-specific, and inter-species variability;2. Apply principles of toxicology and ecotoxicology to evaluate the effects of chemicals on organisms and ecosystems, including regulatory perspectives for establishing safe exposure levels;3. Assess the impacts of endocrine disruptors on environmental and human health, exploring mechanisms of action and critical exposure pathways.